Substance Abuse, Addiction and Dependency among Adolescents

America’s New Free Trade Agreement Essay Example

America’s New Free Trade Agreement Essay Example America’s New Free Trade Agreement Essay America’s New Free Trade Agreement Essay The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), implemented in the year 1994, is meant to remove barriers to trade between the United States, Canada, and Mexico. An important component of this free trade agreement is the member countries’ concern for environmental as well as labor issues, which must be worked on and agreed upon by the member countries. Yet another significant component of NAFTA is that of conflict resolution between the member nations. For this, the free trade agreement outlines procedures (Topulos).Since the time that it was first implemented, NAFTA has proved to be a positive experience for all member countries. In Mexico after NAFTA, poverty rates were reduced, and the real income increased, despite the economic crisis that the country went through during 1994-1995. Experts believe that the free trade agreement has the potential to reduce the poverty of Mexico even further. Trade among member nations has already increased tremendously. Goods produced in the United States, Canada or Mexico, are now distributed simultaneously in all three member countries. Moreover, the Mexican factories that process imported raw materials into finished goods for export have seen a dramatic increase in their income. Trade in other sectors of the Mexican economy has also increased. In the area of agriculture, Mexico has witnessed a steady increase in exports every year since the inception of NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreeme nt). Undoubtedly, NAFTA is expected to benefit Mexico also in the future, just as the benefits of the agreement are being realized more fully today by the United States and Canada. The latter are expected to still increase their benefits of NAFTA with Mexico’s economic development.Given the benefits of NAFTA to the economies of the member countries, and the faith of the United States that it should have firm economic relationships with its neighbors – in December 2003, the United States, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua completed their negotiations on the newest free trade agreement in the region: the Central American Free Trade Agreement or CAFTA (Promoting Trade With Central America And The Dominican Republic). The United States and Costa Rica agreed on the latter’s participation in the new free trade agreement in January 2004. Two months later, the United States concluded negotiations also with the Dominican Republic to integrate the latter int o the CAFTA. This changed the name of CAFTA to DR-CAFTA, or the Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement (Costa Rica).The goal of DR-CAFTA was the establishment of a free trade zone, which would be similar to the NAFTA. Thus, the DR-CAFTA removes tarrifs on approximately 80 percent of the U.S. exports to the other member countries (Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement). By so doing, the new free trade agreement makes it especially beneficial for member countries that are economically weak to buy high quality U.S. products and thereby raise their standards of living. What is more, the agreement allows for easy access of goods from member countries into the United States market. Once again, the economically weak member countries are bound to benefit substantially through the new agreement, seeing that they may now have the gigantic U.S. market to sell their products to (Runyon).Other provisions of the DR-CAFTA include: (1) a promise made by the govern ments of all member countries that foreign investment is guaranteed in their respective nations; (2) a gradual removal of all barriers to trade that were initially meant to protect domestic production; (3) no duties on the import of agricultural goods; (4) subsidies on all agricultural goods, except sugar, must be eliminated; (5) intellectual property rights must be maintained; (6) a gradual removal of protectionist barriers in all sectors; (7) national monopolies must be dismantled so as to allow foreign investments to compete equally with the domestic organizations; (8) transnational companies would be given the right to resolve conflicts in private international courts; (9) the environment must be respected, and environmental laws abided by; (10) the major labor standards of the International Labor Organization must be enforced in all member countries; and (11) government corruption must be reduced and eventually eliminated in all member countries, especially the economically wea k ones where corruption is rampant (Dominican Republic).The United States’ economy would benefit by selling tariff-free goods to the member countries of the DR-CAFTA. The DR-CAFTA states would be able to purchase more U.S. goods than before, seeing as the tariffs would have been lifted. It is worthy of note, however, that the combined GDP of the DR-CAFTA states is only 0.5 percent of the GDP of the United States. The quantity of U.S. goods that the DR-CAFTA states would be able to purchase would be limited but naturally. Still, the benefits that these states achieve in the long run through the DR-CAFTA are expected to be greater than the benefits that the United States would be able to realize. This is because the DR-CAFTA states are all economically weaker than the U.S. Thus, positive changes manifested in the economically weak states would appear to be much greater in extent (Runyon).Although the effects of the new free trade agreement between the United States, Dominican R epublic, and five Central American countries, have not been documented as yet, it is believed that once the DR-CAFTA has been fully implemented, the United States would be able to increase its exports to the member countries by approximately 15 percent. U.S. imports are similarly expected to increase by around 12 percent, while the effect on the aggregate output as well as employment in the United States is expected to be little. Hornbeck states: These estimates are in line with expectations made prior to the negotiations that the marginal effects of the DR-CAFTA would be small, but positive for the U.S. economy as a whole, given the DR-CAFTA countries had small and already largely open economies.Once again, the overall benefits of DR-CAFTA would be more clearly visible in the DR-CAFTA states in the long run, just as the case of Mexico and NAFTA reveals greater interest in the benefits of NAFTA to Mexico. Just as NAFTA reduced poverty rates in Mexico, increased trade in the DR-CAFTA nations is expected to reduce poverty rates in these nations. However, it may take a while before the full benefits of DR-CAFTA are realized in these nations. Molly Runyon explains why the full range of benefits of DR-CAFTA would not be immediately visible in the economically weak nations: 1. Costa Rica. Retrieved from ustr.gov/assets/Document_Library/Reports_Publications/2004/2004_National_Trade_Estimate/2004_NTE_Report/asset_upload_file462_4745.pdf. (7 April 2007).2. Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement. Wikipedia (2007). Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/. (7 April 2007).3. Hornbeck, J. F. The Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement (DR-CAFTA). Congressional Research Service (2005, July 6). Retrieved from http://price.house.gov/UploadedFiles/CAFTA%207.6.05.pdf. (7 April 2007).4. North American Free Trade Agreement. Wikipedia (2007). Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement. (7 April 2007 ).5. Promoting Trade With Central America And The Dominican Republic. The White House. Retrieved from whitehouse.gov/index.html. (7 April 2007).6. Runyon, Molly. Free Trade in Weak States: The Case of DR-CAFTA in Nicaragua. Retrieved from http://fletcher.tufts.edu/research/2006/Runyon.pdf. (7 April 2007).7. Topulos, Katherine. NAFTA. Duke University School of Law (2007). Retrieved from law.duke.edu/lib/researchguides/pdf/nafta.pdf. (7 April 2007).

Continuing divisions between black and minority ethnic (BME) groups still remain a significant social concern, with themes such as the higher likelihood of socio economic deprivation The WritePass Journal

Continuing divisions between black and minority ethnic (BME) groups still remain a significant social concern, with themes such as the higher likelihood of socio economic deprivation Conclusion Continuing divisions between black and minority ethnic (BME) groups still remain a significant social concern, with themes such as the higher likelihood of socio economic deprivation IntroductionConclusionRelated Introduction Continuing divisions between black and minority ethnic (BME) groups still remain a significant social concern, with themes such as the higher likelihood of socio economic deprivation, lower levels of education and increase contact with the criminal justice system than their white counterparts still being highlighted (Bogg, 2010, pg66) It is also clear that these inequalities are inherent within the provision of mental health care services, with the Mental Health Act Commission (MHAC) reports   continuing to highlight the higher rates of detention for BME groups under section 136 of the Mental Health Act 1983 (MHA 1983) (Bogg, 2010). Racism has been argued to be a fundamental cause of inequalities in mental health care and racism within psychiatry derives from the traditions of the discipline, its history, ways of assessing and diagnosing, organisation and its involvement with the powers of state (Fernando, 2010, pg105). There are demonstrable differences in access to preventative care for majority and minority ethnic groups. This is partly because the structure of health services is often cast in the dominant culture’s mould (Bhui, 2002, pg 90). Racism in the provision of psychiatric services derives from the manner in which institutions are constructed and fashioned and the failure by most organisations to confront the inherent and historically determined racism (Fernando, 2010, pg105). Psychiatry, the doctrine concerned with disorders of the mind, is a western tradition developed in western cultures in conjunction with ideas surrounding race and power. The idea that BME groups had inferior brains or defective personalities was a common notion in the 19th century and these ideas were taken on board very easily and naturally by psychiatry and western psychology (Fernando, 2010, pg62). Historical perspectives illustrate the political and social motives which created the definitions of, and policies on mental health issues. The creation of mental health to support the social structure of the time can be best demonstrated by the case of draptomania, an ‘illness’ particular to slaves and whose classic symptom was the ‘irresistible urge to run away from the plantation (Ndegwa et al, 2003, pg90). This demonstrates the element of control issued through the ideas around mental health and the notion of inferior BME groups. Racism is still thought to expressed and felt today in the provision of mental health care and other public services. Research into the structures and organisations of mental health services identified systems of inequalities based on race and is known as institutional racism. In the investigation of Stephen Lawrences death institutional racism was defined as ‘the collective failure of an organisation to provide appropriate and professional service to people because of their colour, culture or ethnic origin. It can be seen or detected in processes, attitudes and behaviours which amount to discrimination through unwitting prejudice, ignorance, thoughtlessness and racist stereotyping which disadvantage minority ethnic people (Macpherson, 1999). The report found institutional racism in many aspects of the Stephan Lawrence case, including the conduct of the investigation, the treatment of the family, the failure to recognize the murder as racially motivated and the lack of urgency and commitment in the investigation (Singh, 2007, pg363). Since the publication of the Macpherson report institutional racism has been declared to be a problem in the UK National Health Service (NHS). A significant development into the NHS, especially its mental health services being branded as institutionally racist is the inquiry into the death of David ‘Rocky’ Bennett. An inquiry team was set up to examine the care and treatment that Rocky Bennett received before he died after being restrained by up to five nurses (Athwal, 2004).   The inquiry report described the inequalities in mental health services faced by black and minority patients as ‘a festering abscess which is at present a blot upon the good name of the NHS (Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire Strategic Health Authority, (2003) and attributed these inequalities to institutional racism. It can, however, be problematic to use institutional racism to explain the circumstances of Bennett’s death. The failure to train staff in methods of safe restraint and prompt resuscitation cannot be seen as institutionally racist in itself unless some racist intention or process can be identified in this failure, since all patients could suffer as a consequence. However, if fears of black male patients’ inherent violence led to their being restrained more frequently and forcefully, then a racist effect could ensue. But in this case it is the assumption about black violence, rather than the failure in training that constitutes the racism in question. Furthermore assumptions about black violence are held by individuals rather than constituting a feature of the organisation (Bradby, 2010). In 2005, in response to increase awareness of racial discrimination in the psychiatric system, the Department of Health introduced its BME mental health programme through the National Institute for Mental Health in England (Coppock et al, 2010, pg114). The programme aims to improve the mental health care of all people of BME status including those of Irish or Mediterranean origin and east European migrants (DoH, 2005).   However, while this publication accepted most of the recommendation made by the inquiry into the death of Rocky Bennett’s death, it refuted the existence of institutional racism in mental health services. In doing so, it ignores the finding of the Macpherson Report. Such an approach fails to contextualize the various forms of direct and institutional racism in the wider society (Coppock et al, 2010, pg114). ‘Count Me In’ (2007) was a one day census of the NHS hospitals, private mental health hospitals, and learning disability units which contributed to the increasing evidence of ethnic differences in the treatment of mental illness (McKenzie et al, 2007). The survey of 32,023 inpatients on mental health wards in 238 NHS hospitals reported that 2 per cent of patients were from BME groups although they only represent 7 per cent of the population in the UK (MHAC, 2007). It is too simplistic and problematic to blame institutional racism for such a situation and whilst it is the case that Afro-Caribbean’s are over represented, other groups such as the Indian and Chinese communities are underrepresented. Such discrepancies indicate that there may be more to this than the issue of race and ethnicity (McLaughlin, 2007). Nevertheless, it has been argued that a lack of understanding of cultural diversity in the experience and expression of distress leads to the reinforcement of cultural stereotypes which can result in misdiagnosis and negligent care (Coppock et al, 2010, pg113). The Ritchie inquiry into the care and treatment of Christopher Clunis is another high profile inquiry that found the collective failures in psychiatry to an individual from a BME group (Singh, 2007).   Many shortcomings were recorded about the institutional racism that was identified, for example, Clunis’ first visit showed that the ‘opportunity for early diagnosis and possibly effective treatment was lost’ (Ritchie, 1994, pg14) to a desire by social workers ‘not to stigmatise a patient, or label him in any way as a violent or difficult person which was felt might work to his disadvantage’ (Ritchie, 1994, pg19). The enquiry made it clear that there was a tendency among staff repeatedly to ‘postpone decision or actions when difficultly was encountered or perhaps because the patient was threatening and intimidating, and possibly because he was big and black’ (Ritchie, 1994, pg107). This report, it has been argued, reveals institutional racism in practice and demonstrates the risks that many from BME groups face within psychiatry of not being given the correct diagnosis and not being treated assertively enough, simply because of their ethnicity (Singh, 2007). Accusations of institutional racism would appear to be well founded and disparities reflect the way health services offer specific treatments of care pathways according to racial group, and therefore seem to satisfy the well established and widely known definition (McKenzie et al, 2007). However, a closer look at the issue shows the reality to be more complex than it is often reported, and also highlights the danger of pathologising whole communities under the guise of therapeutic aid (McLaughlin, 2007).   The issues argued by Mckenzie and Bhui (2007) that presupposes that treatments are in reality offered on the basis of racial group disallows the possibility that ethnic differences might exist because of other societal factors, which may not be within the control of health services (Singh, 2007). More over it does not consider the possibility that care pathways are not always offered by health services but are sometimes chosen, and sometimes imposed upon patients by legal process es, outside the control of healthcare services (Singh, 2007). However, Mckenzie and Bhui argue that acknowledging the existence of institutional racism can lead to tackling the causes of these racial disparities. Delivering race equality may training may have some impact on disparities in involuntary admissions but because such admissions reflect the combined actions of the criminal justice system, social services and education, a strategy based in mental health services alone is unlikely to be sufficient (McKenzie et al, 2007). Institutional racism and oppressive practices have resulted in increased funding of research into the amount of mental illness amongst ethnic minorities. In the UK, the voluntary sector has emerged as a provider in response to the inflexibility of statutory services and has been charged with the responsibility to develop better services, while the statutory sector remains not only unattractive but aversive to BME service users (Bhui, 2002, pg139).   The strength of specialised services lies in the mandate from service users and the commitment of the voluntary sector and the practitioner’s interest in culturally competent mental health care provision (Bhui, 2003). In contrast, some argue that, whenever BME groups are the focus of discussion, it immediately focuses on the idea of the ‘separate’, ‘different’ and ‘them’ being not part of ‘us’ and therefore requiring ‘special’ attention, outside of the provision of mainstream services (Bhui, 2003). Rather than promoting the needs of BME service users, there is a danger that specialist services can marginalise people from minority ethnic communities even further (Lester et al, 2010, pg193). However, specialist services already exist and are now being adopted in statutory services engage those most disenfranchised by existing models of care. Existing services as a whole do not offer a system of care in which BME groups can expect to receive the least coercive treatment (Bhui, 2003). On the other hand, some commentators argue that the solution for the current problems in the provision of mental health care, must involve the mainstream of psychiatric practice rather than marginal initiatives that emphasise further segregation of minority needs (Bhui, 2003). Conclusion For many commentators, the way forward may actually require a dual approach; working inside mental health services to make them more appropriate for people from minority ethnic communities, while at the same time working outside public sector mental health services to build capacity within black and minority communities and the voluntary sector for dealing with mental ill health (Lester et al, 2010, pg193). To ensure that culturally sensitive services become a mainstream feature of mental health services rather than an optional extra, the majority of commentators emphasise the central importance of training (Lester et al, 2010, pg194). However, by focusing inappropriately on culture and ethnicity at the expense of sound clinical judgments, we risk offering poorer rather than better care to patients from minority ethnic groups (Singh, 2007).

Ecological Meaning essays

Ecological Meaning essays The question that is before us is rather complex: What is my lifes meaning as an ecological being on the Planet Earth? In this essay, I will attempt to explore three aspects of my life, as they pertain to the environment and the ecological footprint that I have left, and while leave in the future. This will be achieved through exploring three important aspects of my life, as they relate to the environment: Consumption, Career, and Speaking Up. The first aspect I will explore of my life, as it relates to my ecological footprint, is consumption. How much we consume, can determine a large portion of our environmental impact. As a consumer, I currently spend little time caring about the impact that my purchases and actions have the environment. Perhaps, one thing that I do is have my groceries put into plastic bags, instead of paper bags. This cuts down on the demand for trees to be cut down, for making paper bags. If everyone used plastic bags, the demand for paper bags would go significantly down, in effect, the demand for trees being cut down could go slightly down. However, the creation of plastic for grocery bags also creates waste, which is harmful for the environment. Therefore, there is no easy answer to even the simplest of choices, as they relate to our environment. Whenever I purchase groceries, I usually dont take into account the materials my groceries are packaged in: tins, plastic, paper, cardboard, there is little difference in my mind. Perhaps, a goal for myself should be to explore which of these options is least harmful for our environment, and strive to purchase my food products that are packaged accordingly. One thing that I do consider when I purchase paper for school and for my printer, is whether or not it is recycled. I always try to purchase items that are recycled. Sometimes, they may cost slightly more, but its worth it. Sometimes I think about this as a long-term investment for my childre...

How Does Paid Employment Affect Your Identity Essay - 3

How Does Paid Employment Affect Your Identity - Essay Example Our identity also changes as our surroundings and our roles in it changes, which then translates that it is also what we chose to prioritise, what we rationally chose to fulfil, and what we may prefer to be concerned about (Martin and Barresi, 2003). In another setting, different kinds of people can come together under one larger and unified group that has similar visions and goals. Often called the organisation, it is both an entity and a concept in itself, which links together identity, power, inequality, freedom and knowledge all under a conceptual framework (Knights and Willmott, 2007). The behaviour and interaction of people working within an organisation is called organisational behaviour. It addresses broadly the interaction of people within all types of organisations like business, government, university and service organisations (Singh, 2010). To understand how an individual would behave in a group setting, there is no magic bullet to solve all kinds of organisational kinds. Also, humans have different identities, which would make the study of organisational behaviour even more erratic and unpredictable, hence the need for a multidisciplinary approach which borrows ideas from behavioural sciences, management and other disciplines (Singh, 2010 and Knights and Willmott, 2007). For example, an individual can be studied without considering the organization. But because the organization influences and is influenced by the individual, there is also the need to study something about the organization (Knights and Willmott, 2007). Organizations influence more or less the lives of many people. They provide rules and regulations (governments), source of income (workplace), where individuals are raised and trained (schools, universities), among others (Griffin and Moorhead, 2010). We can also have multiple roles in different organizations (consumers, employees, suppliers, students, owners, etc.). For that, the study of organizational behaviour is deemed important. In an organization, there are employment relations, hierarchy, a division of labor, as well as a degree of permanence or continuity (Knights and Willmott, 2007). Knowing what a person’s role would be in an organization would dictate his or her roles, which would more or less be the same with persons of the same rank in the ladder. The formation of small groups within an organization helps in affirming the roles of members within a particular rank. It also has a powerful effect on the morale, attitude, motivation and work performance of the group members (Singh, 2010). Members of a group associate themselves with their group and this shapes their attitude and behaviour with regards to the organisation. The formation of such groups, when fully harnessed by the top management, will provide the necessary workforce that would have highly effective members with high performance goals. Thus, the participation in such organisations by individuals with different roles would help in d eveloping and confirming their sense of identity within the group (Knights and Willmott, 2007, and Singh, 2010). In an organizational setting, many cultures and ideas are often taught to all, if not most members. For example, a culture of autonomy implemented in a certain workplace could give a sense of empowerment for their employees since they experience a sense of discretion or freedom

Advertisement Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Advertisement Analysis - Assignment Example In this advert, all the car’s occupants comprise youths who have had an accident though the two teens occupying passenger seats seem to have already died. There is a phone showing incomplete statement, â€Å"We’re already ther†¦.† which afterwards rings; probably their friends are inquiring victims where they have reached once they fail to receive a reply text within the anticipated period (â€Å"Eberhard Productions†). In order to make this advert work effectively, producer chooses to use an extremely catching tune while showing the accident’s severity. Hence, bringing a feeling which normally follows tension sound tracks mostly used in movies to evaluate or show consequences of a calamity especially when victims are trying to come into terms with the reality (â€Å"Eberhard Productions†). The advert also utilizes both continuous and immobile animations features like dented vehicle, tree, passing car as well unconscious children who are lethally injured. Other animations include ringing phone, which has prompted the young woman to cause an accident with an incomplete message though the person they were rushing to meet is calling. It is intriguing how the producer integrates actions in the film to relay his or her message. Instead of the warning statement of texting while driving being at the start of the film, he or she chooses to have it towards the end. These encompass unconscious injured victims, dented car, ringing phone and screaming young woman due to shock of what has befallen them though her shout is not audible in the movie (â€Å"Eberhard

Miranda Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Miranda Act - Essay Example Hence, the entire literature on the impact of the Miranda Act on individuals and law enforcement personnel originates from studies that were carried out during the early years of Miranda (Cassell & Fowles, 1998). Because the more enduring effect of a court resolution is more relevant to academics than its immediate impacts, as expressed by Leo (1996), it is astonishing that no academic has investigated the effect of the Miranda Act in almost three decades. The Miranda Act has been the most contentious and the most condemned case of the Supreme Court in the United States criminal justice (Fridell, 2006). Even though nobody has methodically studied the continuing impacts of Miranda on collective awareness, court cases, or law enforcement methods and behavior, the subject matter of Miranda’s effect is still a root of contention among academics and practitioners (Leo, 1996). Despite the unending debate between liberal and conservative scholars of the Miranda Act, law enforcement personnel have effectively adjusted to the provision of Miranda of ‘pre-interrogation constitutional warnings’ (Leo, 1996, 628) in recent years. A significant portion of the law enforcement community respects the ideals and logic of Miranda and does not challenge its legitimacy anymore. Law enforcement personnel, according to Cassell and Fowles (1998), like detectives and police officers, nowadays have also embraced the legitimacy of the Miranda Act and accepted its importance as a representation of police competence.

CHEM 121 pre-lab Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CHEM 121 pre-lab - Speech or Presentation Example (Hints: volume = area x thickness. 1 mL = 1 cm3) Express your answer in cm2 and in miles2. 7. Let’s assume that your secondary education has led you to rob armored cars. In your latest heist, if you were faced with bags of coins that weighed the same, which bag would you take: pennies, nickels, dimes, or quarters? Which bag contains more money? Important data: a penny weighs 3.09 g, a nickel weighs 4.88 g, a dime weighs 2.25 g, and a quarter weighs 5.68 g. (Naturally, show your work for full credit.) Hint: calculate the monetary density of each coin. Clearly monetary density of dimes is the highest and therefore, I would take the bag containing dimes as it contains more money. However, if I can afford to take one more bag I will not like to leave the quarters bag as well. 8. What would be the effect on your calculated value of the density of water if there was an air bubble in the pipet when you transferred the water into the empty vial? Would the value be higher or lower or would there be no change? Explain your answer If there was an air bubble in the pipet while transferring the water in the vial for density measurement, the measured value of density will be lower than the actual value as the volume has been measured on higher side erroneously due to entrapped air bubble. 9. What would be the effect on your calculated value of the density of water if â€Å"empty† vial had not been completely dried before weighing? Would the value be higher or lower or would there be no change? Explain your answer The measured value of density of water will not be affected in this case as the mass of empty vial is deducted to calculate the mass of the measured volume of water. Therefore, whether the vial was completely dry or not will not affect the

Strategy Recommendation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Strategy Recommendation - Research Paper Example In addition, businesses sell their products through various online platforms such as e-bay and Amazon. Nike Inc began its operations in September 8, 1969.The Company engages in design, development, marketing and worldwide distribution of apparel, footwear, accessories, equipment and services. The company mainly focuses on manufacturing athletic apparel and footwear. The corporation’s major products offerings include football wear, running gear, and basketball uniform in addition to training and boxing apparel. The company also produces sports apparel for children and other equipment for sport-oriented recreation activities such as swimming, golf, lacrosse, American football and outdoor activities. Nike also manufactures sports accessories like bags (Carty, 2010). The company’s marketing strategy entails promotion activities such as event sponsorships, billboards and television advertisement. It also promotes its products through placement in various reality TV shows across the world. Nike is the largest designer and manufacturer of sports apparel in the world. The company initially specialized in the production of sports footwear. Its current line of production comprises of various types of sportswear such as swimsuits, footwear, training wear, boxing gears and its accessories, football apparel and basketball gear. The company utilizes the internet to market and sell their products. Moreover, it communicates with the consumers on various social network platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and MySpace. Nike Inc also uses Instagram to highlight various updates on their products such as Nike shoe customizations and the enhancement of comfort in its running gear. The internet enables the company to communicate, sell and market its product s easily. Nike Inc uses the internet to enhance its operations in the apparel market, which makes it an excellent case study for the proposal (Knight, 2000). The internet is

A View From The Bridge Essay Example for Free

A View From The Bridge Essay The Play A View From The Bridge by Arthur Miller is set in the 1950s in Brooklyn, America in a small cramped apartment, focusing the audiences attention on to the tension in this household. It is a tragedy about an Italian American man called Eddie Carbone. It is a story of self destruction that Miller suggests is inevitable when a strong man like Eddie defies the standards of what his culture holds to be right and wrong. Eddie and his wife Beatrice have brought up Beatrices niece Catherine. Catherine is now old enough to go out for work. Eddie is very protective over her and is reluctant to let her go out for work. When Beatrices cousins Rodolpho and Marco arrive as illegal immigrants, Catherine falls in love with Rodolpho. Eddie becomes jealous as Catherine moves further away from him but never admits it. Throughout the play Eddie tries to destroy Rodolpho and as a final desperate measure he betrays him and his brother to the authorities. In his community this is unforgivable. Marco is so mad that he finally kills Eddie before he is deported. The play ends with everyone losing something. I found it very difficult to decide who I felt most sympathy for in the play because ultimately, everyone lost something. Eddie dies a sad broken man. Beatrice weeps over the loss of her husband. Rodolpho and Catherine are sorry for Eddies death and Marco is deported and loses his goal of earning money to send home. Eddie is a strong, impulsive man. He acts by instinct and prejudice. He is convinced just by looking at Rodolpho that he is a homosexual and unfit to marry his niece, whom he is over protective of. This becomes clear in his conversation with Alfieri about Rodolpho. Eddie says, he aint right and he also says, Hes a blonde guy. Like platinum. Eddie thinks that Rodolpho is homosexual just because he has blonde hair. He suggests that Rodolpho is weak when he says, I mean if you close the paper fast you could blow him over, showing how he believes Rodolpho is not manly enough to marry his niece. In his mind he neither understands nor admits his true feeling towards Catherine. Alfieri confronts him about this, She wants to get married, Eddie. She cant marry you can she? Eddie is shocked by the suggestion and replies furiously, Whatre you talkin about, marry me! I dont know what the hell youre talkin about! He refuses to admit that his feeling for Catherine is more than fatherly. To him, Alfieris suggestion is absurd and unacceptable. In fact, he is only lying to himself and pushing himself one step closer to his own demise.

The History Of The Augmented Reality In Education

The History Of The Augmented Reality In Education What is Augmented Reality? Augmented reality is a computer system which has the ability to combine the real world and computer generated data. With this system, virtual objects are blended into real footage in real time. Thus, we can imagine the high potential that this technology might have if applied in the field of education. In augmented reality, the computer works as a mirror. With a camera and a black and white printed marker, we transmit to the computer the angle and coordinates about an object. Thus real elements are mixed with virtual elements in real time, and in the same way as in a mirror, the image appears inverted on the screen, which makes orientation a very complicated task. Virtual models can be animated and multiplied. With this technology we are able to create and combine animated sequences in order to control a virtual object and share the interaction with others. In the field of education, we can use this technology to create interactive 3-D books that respond to changes in the angle of observation. From the beginning, the advertising companies were the first to use this system using interactive web based augmented reality applications. Because of its potential, augmented reality will be widely applied in fields such as architecture, surgery, simulations, geology and ecology among others. How it Works? The basic process of creation in augmented reality is to create virtual models that will be stored in a database. After this, the model will be retrieved from the mentioned database, rendered and registered into the scene. Sometimes, this process implies serious difficulties in many area applications. The virtual content must be stored on the database and also published as printed material, containing an index to our database. This communication to the database increases the complexity of the virtual model as final work. To avoid these difficulties, is necessary to fully encode our virtual content in a bar code, which is not understandable to a human without using a specific augmented reality system. When captured by an AR system, the virtual models are then extracted from the incoming image. Embedding > Acquisition > Extraction > Registration > Rendering The virtual model is created and printed. This printed representation is then acquired by the augmented reality device. After, the virtual models are extracted from the acquired image. Finally, the virtual models are registered onto the scene and after rendered. Besides adding virtual objects into the real world, AR must be able to remove them. Desirable systems would be those that incorporate sound to broaden the augmented experience. These systems should integrate headsets equipped with microphones to capture incoming sound from the environment, thus having the ability to hide real environmental sounds by generating a masking signal. Characteristics of Augmented Reality Haptic Technology The main goal of AR is the interactivity between the user and virtual objects. HT it is the system that allows the user to have tactile experiences within immersive environments. With this system the user interacts with the virtual environment through an augmented system. To bring realism to these interactions, the system must allow the user to feel the touch of surfaces, textures and the weight and size of virtual objects. With haptic devices, mass can be assigned to virtual elements so that the weight and other qualities of the object can be felt in the fingers. This system requires complex computing devices endowed with great power. Furthermore, the system must recognize the three-dimensional location of fiducial points in the real scene. Position-Based Augmented Reality For correct compensation between the virtual and real image, the system must represent both images in the same frame of reference by using sensitive calibration and measurement systems to determine the different coordinate frames in the AR system. This system measures the position and orientation of the camera with respect to the coordinate system of the real world. These two parameters determine the world-to-camera transform, C. We can quantify the parameters of camera-to-image, P, by calibrating the video camera. Finally, the third parameter, O, is computed by measuring the position and orientation of the virtual object in the real world, being rendered and combined with the live video. Computer Vision for Augmented Reality Augmented Reality uses computer vision methods to improve performance. Thus, the system eliminates calibration errors by processing of the live video data. Other systems invert the camera projection to obtain an approximation of the viewer pose. Recently, a mixed method uses the fiducial tracking, which is combined with a magnetic position tracking system that determines the parameters of the cameras in the scene. Currently, the problems of camera calibration are solved by registering the virtual objects over the live video. Animation If we want an AR system to be credible, it must have the ability to animate the virtual elements within the scene. Thus, we can distinguish between objects moving by themselves and those whose movements are produced by the user. These interactions are represented in the object-to-world transform by a multiplication with a translation matrix. Portability Since the user can walk through large spaces, Augmented Reality should pay special attention to the portability of it systems, far from controlled environments, allowing users to walk outdoor with comfort. This is accomplished by making the scene generator, the head-mounted display and the tracking system capable of being autonomous. What are the Differences between Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality? While AR enriches the user ´s view of the world by creating interactive virtual objects and introducing them in our real world, VR systems immerse us in a virtual world that completely replaces the real world outside. Natural environments contain important information that can not be simulated by computer. To augment the information from the real world, it is better to integrate the virtual elements within the natural environment, so that the users feels fully immersed. To achieve this goal we need a system that incorporates these elements in the most efficient way. This system will need to continually send stimuli to the user to perceive that sense of immersion. In addition, changes made by the user shall be correctly interpreted by the system, in this way the virtual elements will be incorporated with their changes in the real environment. Any inconsistency between the real an virtual parts will result in a disconnection between virtual elements and their position in the real world. Virtual environments require real-time response to display a high level of realism, which implies the need for high power AR systems to introduce the user in a perfect immersive experience. This system must correctly analyze the user ´s movements to determine how they will affect the scene. Comparison Against Virtual Environments Augmented Reality requires three basic subsystems compared to Virtual Reality: Scene generator: Since the virtual environment completely replaces real world, it will need higher technical requirements than those of Augmented Reality. On the other hand, AR doesn ´t need to realistically reproduce the virtual items to be perceived integrated into the scene. Display device: While VE uses colour systems in all its applications, with AR is sufficient to use monochrome screens, thus consuming fewer resources and energy. Tracking and sensing: In this field, Augmented Reality is more stringent in its requirements that those for virtual environment systems. Mixed Systems: Augmented Simulation AUGSIM is the combination of Augmented Reality and Seamless Simulation. This combination augments the real world with computer entities and actions, thus be used in virtual training and gaming. Thus, through AR we can experience virtual sounds and images in our real world. What graphical systems does Augmented Reality use? The standard HMD provides the user total immersion in the virtual environment. To achieve this isolation, the system must use video cameras to obtain an accurate view of the physical world Some AR researchers work with two types of Head-mounted displays to increase the sense of immersion inside the scene. These two systems are the following. Optical See-Trough HMD In Augmented Reality, Head-Mounted Displays show an improved world in front of the user ´s eyes. These portable computers with an integrated video camera, detect real world situations, allowing the user to perceive the real world together with specific information generated by the computer. OST eliminates the channel that captures images of the real scene. Thus, the merging of virtual and real world is carried out optically in front of the viewer, with a similar system to Head-Up display. Video See-Through Augmented Reality Display This system has the same configuration as the monitor-based display and requires a system to merge the real and virtual video channels into a single image. The video camera provide the user ´s view of the real world. After, graphic images are combined with the video by the scene generator, merging the real world with the virtual objects. Finally, the result is sent to the monitor. This convergence is achieved through a system known as video keying. While the first channel is called the key, the other is the background. The video composition can be done through: Chroma-keying. The background of the images is set to a special colour, which none virtual objects use. After this, the combining set replaces colour areas, inserting the corresponding parts from video of the real world. At last, virtual objects are superimposed over the real world. Depth Information. This method combine the real and virtual images by pixel-by-pixel depth analysis. Advantages and Dissadvantages of Optical and Video Approaches Both systems have advantages and disadvantages. Since both work with video cameras to capture images of the real world, there may be errors of timing during the merging operation. With the optical see-through system, is not possible to compensate for delay errors. These errors must be compensated by correctly timing of the other parts of the system. In both monitor-based and video-see through systems, the video camera is capturing images from real world. Access to these images can be and advantage if the system analyzes the video data. After this, the system will extract tracking information through position sensors on the HMD. Simplicity: In addition to optical blending is cheaper and easier than video blending, it must not deal with video streams where images from the virtual and real world are separated. Both images must be perfectly synchronized to avoid errors of temporal distortion. Resolution: Video blending has a very limited resolution of both real and virtual images. Optical see-through has a higher resolution in its screen, making the viewer ´s image of the real scene not reduced. Safety: While a lack of energy makes the video see-through head-mounted displays stop issuing images, optical see-through continues showing a perfect view of the real world. No eye offset: Video see-through puts the camera view where the user ´s eyes are. Differences between these locations introduces distortions between the virtual and real view. VST can avoid this problem by using mirrors to create another optical paths so that the user has the feeling of getting real image without displacement. Through this system, the cameras can see what the user ´s eyes see without the use of a head-mounted display. Moreover, video blending offers some advantages over optical blending: Flexibility in composition strategies: Video see-through has advantage over optical see-through because it mixes better virtual and real objects, obscuring in a better way both elements in the real scene. VST can also simulate transparencies between these elements on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Wide field-of-view: VST optimally solves the distortion errors caused by optical systems, by using processing techniques that don ´t distort the captured image. Real and virtual view delays can be matched: VST reduces problems caused by mismatches of time between virtual and real images. The view through a head-mounted display, provides an instantaneous view of the real scene, while the view of the virtual objects is displayed with a delay. With VST systems, is possible to delay the real world view to match the virtual image view. Additional registration strategies: Video blending provides additional information through the digitization of real world scene. This system uses additional resources for a better registration of optical approaches. Easier to match the brightness of real and virtual objects: Optical approaches are used in assembly and repair of many systems because of the cost and security they provide. Moreover, these system save time and labour, which represents a great saving by companies. Focus and Contrast In a video-based system, the images from the real and virtual world must be projected at the same distance by the monitor or head-mounted display optics. To overcome the mismatches on the video camera ´s depth-of-field, the graphics must be rendered simulating a limited depth-of-field. Moreover, would be advisable for the video camera had an autofocus lens. To achieve good contrast, the brightness of the real and virtual elements must be correctly matched, because if the real scene is too bright, can wash out the virtual view. On the other hand, if the real environment is too dark the virtual image could wash out the real world scene. What are the Applications of Augmented Reality? Finger Tracking Using this technology, the computer can visually track the user ´s finger, witch functions as a digital pen, a mouse or other devices. Annotation and visualization Augmented reality could be used to annotate objects, public spaces and environments with any kind of information. This information could be public or private. AR is useful to aid visualization tasks. For example, we could be able to look out a window and see how an imaginary new building would change or view of the real world. Augmented Museum In museums, the Head-Mounted Display detects the ID of the picture, generating a description of it. Moreover, the HMD identifies which picture the user is looking at, displaying specific information on the screen. Manufacturing, Maintenance and Repair This system can also be used in assembling and repair of mechanical, electronic and electrical parts. Thus, a user can point at parts of an engine model and the augmented reality system displays the name of the part and shows how to repair it. These instructions help us to understand an equipment, superimposing 3D drawing upon it. AR could be used for assembly, maintenance and repair of equipment in aircrafts, printers, engines and automobiles among others. Future AR systems will include complex animations that will show the mechanic how to repair in the most efficient way. Medical In surgical operations, AR provides an internal view of the patient. This visualization could aid in training for surgery, through ultrasound images, Computed Tomography scans or MRI scans that provide an useful view of the patient in real time. With this system, the information is captured by sensors and displayed on the patient, thus showing exactly where to perform the operation. These virtual drawings show in an easy and graphical way the tasks that need to be done and how to do them efficiently. With ultrasound imaging, for example, the doctor can view a three-dimensional virtual image of the fetus overlaid on the abdomen of the pregnant woman. Moreover, AR could guide doctors to find the site of a tumour during needle biopsies. AR devices can also be used to help in problems related to Parkinson ´s Disease. Future applications of Augmented Reality in the medical field will be craniofacial surgery visualization and guide in reconstructive surgery. Ultrasound-Guided Breast Biopsy In the field of surgery, ultrasound-guided breast biopsy has been used for diagnosis, and to guide for needle localization in lesions prior to biopsy. AR systems helps the doctor in cyst aspiration providing a three-dimensional image to guide the needle to the right place. Entertainment Nowadays, Augmented Reality is used in weather reports by changing computer-generated maps. Thus, the real image is augmented using the technique of chroma-keying. Furthermore, special techniques have been developed to insert advertisements into certain areas of a specific place during the broadcast. We often see 3D advertising in football games promoting products or services. These images are perfectly integrated using reference points in the stadium. Using this system, production costs are reduced by creating virtual sets than can be stored in a database. Military The arms industry has long used displays in cockpits to the pilot in their flight helmet. Through the use of HMDs, the activities of other units participating in the exercise can be seen by the pilot. Augmented reality can be used in aerial reconnaissance by markings in certain geographical areas. These markings add information that will be analyzed by the control command, providing a way to aim the aircraft ´s weapon. Engineering Design Using AR systems, we can display virtual prototypes to our clients, thus the client can walk around the display analyzing its different elements and discussing the necessary changes on it. This allows a real interaction between the designer and client. Robotics Augmented Reality displays can assist the user to guide remote robots. In these systems, the user uses a three-dimensional visualization which augments the information from the real world, providing guidance in geographical spaces. Consumer Applications Augmented Reality can be used in many areas of daily life. There are a wide variety of computer programs that assist the homeowner in remodelling projects to see how the changes will affect the different parts of a house. AR may also benefit the fashion and beauty industry. For example cloth stores could have stored in a database different clothing that we could wear virtually. In beauty shops, we could see how a new hair style would look in us. What Devices are Used in Augmented Reality? Hanheld Devices Augmented Reality complements mobile computing systems for optimal integration of virtual elements within real world. Nowadays wearable AR devices are too expensive, complex, fragile and hard to carry for most people. However AR systems have proven advantages in a wide variety of fields such as engineering design, manufacturing, maintenance and repair, virtual navigation, entertainment, mobile construction and others. The creators of AR systems combined the integration of a small computer with mobile devices so that users could carry them on their backs, while graphical augmentations were shown to them through Head-Mounted Displays. Despite the initial success of this system, its price remains extremely expensive and is very difficult to maintain. Because of this set of problems, developers began to think in the use of lightweight wearable devices equipped with cameras such as PDAs or mobile phones. AR Wearable Computers Mobile Phones Cellular phones are very useful because of their portability, adequate processing power and local network connectivity, but their small display size and low memory make them a very limited device for AR applications. Tablet PCs Although Tablet PCs don ´t have the limitations of mobile phones, are too expensive and extremely heavy for single handed. PDA Is the optimal platform for the Hanheld AR framework. Its interface is very intuitive and its size and weight are optimal. Moreover, its processor and RAM memory are increasingly sophisticated. What are the Major Challenges for Augmented Reality Systems? The biggest problem facing the AR today, is how to combine the virtual elements with the real world in an augmented environment, keeping the user in the illusion that the virtual elements are part of the real world. To get a good combination of these elements, we must beware of the following relationships: Object to world O: Transforms the orientation and position of virtual elements with respect to to coordinate system of the real world. World-to camera C: Defines the position of the video camera that captures the real scene. Camera to image plane P: Creates a 2D image with the information obtained from the 3D scene. This requires that relationships between physical and virtual elements must be optimal. The errors between these relationships, make the user perceive differences in appearance between real world objects and virtual elements, due to synchronization errors. These virtual elements, must interact with the user in the real world as natural as possible. The solution to these problems would be to create a system that would eliminate the differences in perception between the real world and its augmentation. What does Augmented Reality for Education? The use of Augmented Reality in school promotes teamwork and allows viewing of three-dimensional models to students, which facilitates the task of learning through a fun and interactive process. Likewise, this system can be applied to a wide variety of learning areas outside the educational field. Among the reasons that make AR attractive to be applied in educational centers, we find, among others, the interaction between virtual and real environments, the easy manipulation of objects within the virtual environment and the ease of movement from one space to another in real time. Through the use of HMDs, AR promotes team communication, showing the possible gestures and other communication signals from the students of the group. All this information is viewed by students on their screen, which facilitates interpersonal communication. This allows this form of collaboration to be seen more as a face-to-face communication than an isolated communication through displays on the HMD screen. In these collaborative environments, the information taken from the real world is socially shared in the virtual space. The advantage of using AR systems instead of other technologies, is that results highly intuitive for people who have no experience with other computer systems. Thus, even the youngest students can enjoy a fun interactive experience. Fantasy Interfaces Little children often fantasize about being actors in a fairy tale. With AR, we can make this fantasy a reality, by using a book with markers that acts as primary interface. Thus, we can turn the pages, read the text, and we can see also three-dimensional animations that tell us the story better. These 3D models are embedded in the page of the book so the child can see the animations from any point of view, moving it from different angles. These animations can be adapted to any size of book, so that reading becomes a very fun and immersive experience. These systems can be used at any educational level, making the learning process a very engaging task. To apply this system successfully, educators should collaborate with the developers of these applications to find the best way to apply it in school environments. Future directions Future monitoring systems will be more robust, and will incorporate mixed media to remedy the mistakes of registration. These systems will fully reproduce the scenes in real time within the HMD. Moreover, future AR systems will offer users the ability to walk great outdoor spaces. To achieve this, these systems will have to evolve towards better portability. To a greater sense of immersion, these systems should also incorporate 3D sound systems. As for the political and social dimensions, through the gradual introduction of Augmented Reality in the daily tasks of our live, it will be more accepted by people. Gradually, we will see that this system allow the users to make their work easier and faster instead of been seen as a system that replaces human workers. Conclusion Augmented Reality is less technologically-advanced than Virtual Reality Systems, but by contrast, AR is much more commercial. Nowadays, AR can be found in research laboratories and academic centers. The next development of AR will be initially on the aircraft manufacturing. In the other hand, its introduction to the medical field, will take longer than in other areas. AR will probably be used in medical training before than surgery. Another area where AR will develop strongly in the coming years will be in tours through outdoor environments by wearing a Head-mounted display, facilitating the development of advanced navigation systems and visualizations of past and future environments. These systems will make the orientation a much easier task. AR systems will also include 3D maps displaying information about the elements we ´re looking at, and their dimensions, and will show the easiest way to reach that destination. Regarding the application of AR in education, the lesson will be better understood by visualizations of history, geography, anatomy and sciences in general that will make the learning process much more easier. After solving the basic problems of Augmented Reality, advanced virtual elements will be developed that will be perceived as realistic as the real world. To achieve this purpose, the conditions of lighting, texturing, shading and registration will be almost perfect, so we will wear a pair of glasses outdoors that will show us realistic virtual elements with which we will interact normally.

Holistic Treatment of ADD/ADHD :: Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder

Holistic Treatment of ADD/ADHD Dear Mrs. Smith: I’m writing this letter to you because I am concerned about your daughter. Jane is often staring out the window and runs to it to get a closer look at the â€Å"cool† animal or insect. She often yells out the answer or â€Å"butts† in front of the other students because she can’t wait her turn like the other students. The hardest thing I’m dealing with is that Jane is constantly talking out-loud, fidgeting with her toys, and also she never sits still. I am concerned about her and I would like to have a conference with you to discuss having Jane tested for attention-deficit disorder or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. This may not be the case, but I would just like to figure out why she is falling behind the other students. Please feel free to call me anytime to set up this appointment my number is 555-1234. Thank you, Mrs. Johnson October 20, 2000 This letter represents the type sent by teachers to many parents about children who are thought to have ADD/ADHD. Attention-deficit disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, most commonly known as ADD and ADHD, are neurobiological disorders that are most common among children; however, they are not unheard of in adults. An internet article entitled â€Å"Understanding and Identifying Children with ADHD: First Steps to Effective Intervention† put out by the US Department of Education cites several different causes of ADHD â€Å"such as pregnancy and birth, illness, lead poisoning, injury and prenatal drug exposure.† Children who have been diagnosed with ADD or ADHD have trouble paying attention, are often hyperactive, and act on impulse. Although drug treatment is the most common antidote to ADD/ADHD, a combination of diet, behavior intervention and medication is the best antidote for ADD/ADHD. Diet, although often overlooked, is extremely effective in combating or lessening the effects of ADD/ADHD. James B. Lavalle discussed the problem of a person having poor nutrition as a possible cause of ADD/ADHD in his article â€Å"Emotional, Nutritional Issues Offer Treatment Insight† that was published in Drug Store News. He writes, â€Å"It seems plausible that several nutrient depletions and food intake issues can be linked to possible causes of ADD and ADHD.† Because of a link between poor nutrition and ADD, there can be a reversal by integrating proper nutrition to a person with ADD/ADHD. This addition can, with a combination of behavior interventions and medication, help stop the signs of ADD/ADHD.

Participation :: essays papers

Participation When the McDonald's patron in suburban Johnson County ordered a coffee and got a Coke, he came face to face with a Midwest labor pool truth. Non-English-speaking immigrants are an increasingly large part of the labor force -- not just in the Sun Belt states but in the upper Midwest as well. The fast-food worker, who spoke Spanish and had trouble understanding the man's order, was one of tens of thousands of Hispanics who entered the Midwest job market in the past decade. Without them, economists say, the long-running labor shortage, particularly in entry-level jobs, would be even more severe than it is. For some business patrons, the immigrant influx means occasional difficulties in communication. For some business owners, immigrant labor -- both documented and undocumented -- is the only way to fill jobs that otherwise would go begging. The most recent measure of unemployment in the Kansas City area, taken in May, was 2.8 percent. Missouri's jobless rate was 2.6 percent; Kansas' rate was 3.2 percent. Unemployment throughout the Midwest is well below 5.5 percent, which is considered full employment. Michael Barrera, president of the Hispanic Chamber of Commerce of Greater Kansas City, said the chamber had charted an explosive growth in the metropolitan area's Hispanic, blue-collar, minimum-wage work force, especially in Olathe and northeast Kansas City. Also, Barrera said, the 1990s brought a large increase in the number of entrepreneurial Hispanic immigrants, seen particularly in the blossoming of small stores and restaurants in Kansas City, Kan., and northeast Kansas City. The Hispanic chamber has no estimate of the size of the area's Hispanic work force, but Barrera said the Hispanic population may have grown to as many as 100,000, up from 58,000 in 1996. Throughout the Midwest, Hispanic immigrants are finding work. Census data, updated in 1998, found that 220,000 workers in the West North Central states were of Hispanic origin, up from 93,000 10 years earlier. The Census Bureau defines the West North Central region as Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota and Minnesota. Similar findings were reported last week by the Bureau of National Affairs Inc. in its "Daily Labor Report 2000: Regional Outlook on Labor Markets." The bureau said Illinois now had the nation's fifth-largest Hispanic population, the highest ranking among states not in the Sun Belt. In Illinois and the other Midwest states, the bureau said, Hispanic immigrants are working in construction, restaurants, small manufacturing and farming.

Roman Gladiators

The Gladiators in general were either condemned criminals, prisoners of war, slaves brought for the purpose of the games and people who volunteered on their own will. The gladiatorial games reached their peak between the 1st century BCE and the 2nd century CE. Men who committed a capital crime were sent to the gladiatorial arena without a weapon defending themselves with their bare hands. The men who did not commit a capital crime were sent to training schools called Ludi. The earliest training schools were in Campania. At these schools they did not teach them to kill people but instead taught them to disable and capture their opponent. Criminals who trained in the schools were allowed to pick their own weapon and defence. If they survived a couple of years without dying they would receive freedom. The gladiators had to do what their owners (Lanista) told them to do otherwise they would be punished either by no food or beaten up. The gladiators were given adequate food supplies eating 3-4 times a day and received medical care. The Roman militaries success in war meant a big haul in of prisoners of war for the use in the gladiatorial games. Men who entered the games by free will had to take an oath in which they had to agree to the consequences of the game. This oath was: Being branded. Being chained. Being killed by an iron weapon. To pay for their food and drink they received with their blood and to suffer things even if they did not wish to. In the morning season of the games the Bestiarii or combatants who were taught to fight against animals were sent into the ring to fend for their lives against animals such as lions, tigers and bulls. Thousands of animals were slaughtered due to this proceeding. After these battles, unlucky men who had committed capital crimes were executed in front of the whole crowd by a sword. The winner of the gladiator battles received a palm branch form the editor. If he was outstanding he may even receive a laurel crown and money but the most sought-after award was the wooden training sword or staff given by the editor. There were many different types of gladiators. The Thracian gladiators were prisoners who were sent to Capua to train for the games in amphitheatres. Their uniform consisted of light leather for the body, little helmet, light shoes and a small round shield. They were trained to run around their opponents this is why they only had light gear. They had great mobility and stamina. Reziarius were equipped with a long net which was used to trip and trap their opponents, a fuscina (trident) which was their offensive weapon. They also had a small dagger which they used to give the final blow. They wore leather for protection and no helmet or shield to deflect their opponents strikes this is why they had to by agile and fit. The Dimacheri had two short swords and only two short leather arm guards to protect themselves. Speed was their speciality, they ran around their opponent and quickly evaded them making the opponent tired before killing him. Sannita were part of the heavy uniform gladiators. They wore a metal plate to protect the chest a long shield, a helmet with a grid to cover the eyes and a long sword to attack. These gladiators were slow but effective within the ring. The Generic gladiators had no particular skill they were used to fill up the space when the event went the whole day or more. Other types of gladiators include the Provocatores, Sesterziarii, Catervrii, Mirmillion, Essedarii, Paegnaria (dwarfs). The weapons of the gladiators consist of fascina(harpoon), galea(visored helmet), galerus(metal shoulder piece), gladius(sword), hasta(lance), iaculum(net), manicae(leather elbow or wrist bands),parma(round shield) ,scutum(large shield) and sica(curved scimitar).

Accounting Users And Characteristics Of Financial Statement Accounting Essay

1.0 IntroductionSai Kim, T. et al. , 2001, pg 1, said that â€Å" accounting is the procedure of recording, coverage, and construing fiscal information pertaining to an organisation. Accounting is frequently baffled with book-keeping, which involves merely the recording of economic events and is hence merely one portion of the accounting procedure † . Undertaking 1 is about the different users and their demands for Continental Limited fiscal statements. Accounting users divided into two users, it is internal users ( people within the organisation ) and besides external users ( people outside the organisation ) who use history to deduce fiscal information for their demands. Besides that, the features of these fiscal statements will supply utile information to the users. Continental Limited has an authorized portion capital of 1 million ordinary portions RM1 each. It operates sweeping and retail concern of selling a consumers merchandise. In undertaking 2, prepare the income statement and balance sheet of Continental Limited for twelvemonth stoping 31 Dec 2010 for the internal usage by company manager or publication. Income statement it is made by company at the terminal of each twelvemonth to cipher the net income and loss incurred in concern during the twelvemonth. While, balance sheet it is made by company at the terminal of each twelvemonth to enter the capital, assets, and liabilities of company at the terminal of the twelvemonth. In undertaking 3, prepare the income statement and balance sheet of Continental Limited for twelvemonth stoping 31 Dec 2010 in the recognized format for external coverage or publication. Distribution cost normally defined as the costs incurred to present the merchandise from the production unit to the terminal user. Besides that, administrative disbursals is refer to the costs of runing a concern that are non straight attributable to the production of goods or services. In undertaking 4, must establish on the income statement and balance sheet made in undertaking 2 and 3. Then, cipher the appropriate accounting rations for twelvemonth stoping 31 Dec 2010 and besides necessitate to compare them with the industry norms provided to measure the profitableness and liquidness of Continental Limited.2.0 Accounting users and Features of fiscal statementAccounting information helps users to do better fiscal determinations in the organisation. There have two different types of users in the fiscal information, there are internal users ( people within the organisation such as direction, employees, and proprietors ) and besides external users ( people outside the organisation such as creditor, revenue enhancement governments, investors, and clients ) who use history to deduce fiscal information for their demands. There besides have five regulative features of fiscal statement that will supply utile information to the users. These standards must be fulfilled to do the fiscal statements and histories that are utile to the users. Therefore, company should seek to fulfill the undermentioned standards when choosing and following the accounting constructs in fixing concern fiscal histories.2.1 Accounting usersThere have five different users and their demand for Continental Limited fiscal statements. The fiscal histories supply a wealth of information that is utile to assorted users of fiscal information. Investor is worried about hazard and return in relation to their investings. They need accounting information to cognize whether it is deserving for them to put in a concern or purchasing portions of the company. In add-on, client and debitor are the people who purchase goods and services provided by the company. They need accounting information about the company ‘s fiscal stableness to guarantee that the company is a unafraid beginning of supply and no danger of holding to shut down. As a clients of the company ‘s merchandises, they have a long-run concentration in the company ‘s scope of the merchandises and services. They may even hold to depend on the concern for certain merchandises and services. Besides that, a director is the individual appointed by the company proprietors to responsible for planning and directing the work of a group of persons, supervising the daily work of the company. They need accounting information about the company ‘s fiscal state of affairs as it is presently and as it is expected to be the hereafter to enable them to pull off the concern expeditiously and to do effectual control and planning determinations. Another accounting user is providers or creditor, the people who provide merchandising goods and services to the company on recognition. So, they need accounting information about the company ‘s ability to pay its debts for guaranting their aggregation from the company. The creditors include providers every bit good as loaners of the finance such as Bankss. Furthermore, employee of the company is people employed by the company to transport out concern activities. Therefore, they need accounting information about the company ‘s fiscal state of affairs. This is because, their future callings and the size of their rewards and wages depend on it. Therefore, employees need information refering the stableness and go oning profitableness of the organisation. In the decision, accounting users is of import to the organisation. This is because, the fiscal histories supply information that is utile to assorted users of fiscal information.2.2 Features of fiscal statementFirst is understandability, it means that the fiscal statements must easy to comprehensible. Users of fiscal statements are assumed to hold adequate cognition of concern, economic activities and accounting to analyze the information decently. Harmonizing to Helium.com ( 2010 ) , said that â€Å" understandability ensures that a user equipped with the basic cognition can spot information refering to the public presentation and fiscal place of an endeavor † . Besides that, the feature of the fiscal statement is comparison. The fiscal histories made based on accounting constructs should be comparable within the entity and across entities. Comparability within the entity is means that the fiscal statements can be compared with the old twelvemonth fiscal statements of the same company. While, comparison across entities is means the fiscal statement can be comparable with the history of other company. Another feature of the fiscal statement is relevancy. The fiscal histories prepared based on accounting constructs and policies should show relevant fiscal information which is capable of act uponing the economic determination of the users. Therefore, fiscal statements are for users to do economic determinations, the information must be relevant to the determinations that those users have to do. In add-on, relevant fiscal statements are seasonably, if the histories are prepared to supply required information in clip, it is relevant to the determination devising of the user. Contrary, if the histories are no prepared to supply information in clip, it is non relevant to the determination devising of the user. Furthermore, the feature of fiscal statement is dependability. Fiscal history must show dependable information to the users for determination devising. Harmonizing to SpiffyD ( 2012 ) , reference that â€Å" harmonizing to ACCA, â€Å" dependable † information does non incorporate mistakes that affect the economic determinations of users, nor is it biased or partial. This property is linked to faithful representation, since users should be able to handle with it as such. Users have assurance in dependable fiscal statements. Such statements are non misdirecting or intentionally constructed in a mode that could skew determinations or perceptual experience of the fiscal place or public presentation of an entity. It is deserving observing that the importance of auditing is increasing because it reinforces dependability † . In add-on, the feature of the fiscal statement is accuracy. The fiscal history must supply accurate fiscal information to the users for determination devising. The ground is, the inaccurate history information will take to inaccurate determination made by the user.3.0 Income Statement and Balance SheetIncome statement it is made by company at the terminal of each twelvemonth to cipher the net income and loss incurred in concern during the twelvemonth. Harmonizing to Steven Mark, L. , 2003, pg 25, he said that â€Å" the income statement besides referred to as a profit-and-loss statement, summarizes the company ‘s grosss, disbursals, additions, and losingss for a period of clip, such as three months or one twelvemonth † . While balance sheet it is made by company at the terminal of each twelvemonth to enter the capital, assets, and liabilities of company at the terminal of the twelvemonth.3.1 Working for note inquiry a to hClosing stock should be recorded at cost or net r esale value which one is lower. Since cost RM65000 & lt ; net resale value RM70000, the cost RM65000 should be shuting stock value put in the trading history of income statement and under the current plus in balance sheet. Cash Account RM RM Gross saless 5000 Purchase 4000 Stationery 700 Electricity 300 5000 5000 Gross saless in trading history of income statement = RM360000 from TB + RM5000 = RM365000 Purchase in merchandising history of income statement = RM200000 from TB + RM 4000 = RM 204000 Stationery as disbursal put in P/L history of income statement = RM7000 from TB + RM300 = RM7300 Gross saless committee as disbursal put in P/L history of income statement = RM18000 paid from TB + RM1500 accrued at terminal of twelvemonth = RM 19500 Then, accrued gross revenues committee RM1500 is recorded under the current liability in balance sheet Office wages as disbursal put in P/L history of income statement = RM28000 paid from TB – RM 2000 prepaid at terminal of twelvemonth = RM26000 Then, prepaid office wage RM2000 is recorded under the current plus in balance sheet Debtor Account RM RM Balance b/d 75000 ( – ) Bad debts 5000 Balance c/d 70000 75000 75000 Balance b/d 70000 Bad Debts Account RM RM Debtor 5000 P/L history 5000 ( Bad debts as disbursal put in P/L history ) Provision for bad debts shuting balance = 10 % ten Debtor shutting balance RM70000 = RM7000 Provision for Bad Debts Account RM RM 31 Dec 2010 Closing balance c/d 7000 1 Jan 2010 Opening balance b/d 5000 Increase different 2000 ( As disbursal put in P/L history ) 7000 7000 1 Jan 2010 Balance b/d 7000 and degree Fahrenheit ) Vehicles Account RM RM Balance b/d 300000 Vehicles Account a/c ( cost sold ) 50000 Balance c/d 250000 300000 300000 Balance b/d 250000 Provision for Depreciation on Vehicle Account RM RM Vehicle disposal history 12500 1 Jan 2010 Opening balance b/d 60000 ( Cost sold RM50000 x 5 % x 5 twelvemonth from 1 Jan 2005 to 1 Jan 2010 ) 31 Dec 2010 Balance c/d 60000 Depreciation as disbursal put in P/L 12500 history ( Vehicles shuting balance RM250000 x 5 % ) 72500 72500 1 Jan 2011 Balance b/d 60000 Vehicle Disposal Account RM RM Vehicle cost sold 50000 Provision for depreciation on 12500 vehicle sold Returns from disposal of vehicle 35000 Difference for Loss on disposal of 2500 vehicle ( As disbursal put in P/L history ) 50000 50000 Provision for Depreciation on Premises Account RM RM Balance c/d 5400 1 Jan 2010 Opening balance b/d 40000 Depreciation as disbursal put in 14000 P/L history ( Premisess cost from TB RM350000 x 4 % ) 54000 54000 Balance b/d 54000 g ) Taxation charge RM15300 is deducted from net net income at the underside of income statement. It is besides recorded as accumulated revenue enhancement RM15300 under current liability in balance sheet H ) Proposed divided to be deducted from net net income at the underside of income statement = 2 % x RM500000 Share capital from TB = RM 10000 Then, the proposed divided RM10000 is recorded under current liability in balance sheet.3.2 Income statement of Continental Limited for twelvemonth stoping 31 Dec 2010 for internal usageIncome Statement of Continental Limited for Year Ending 31 Dec 2010 for Internal Use RM RM RM Gross saless 365000 Less Return inwards 10000 Net gross revenues 355000 Less Cost of gross revenues: Opening stock 50000 + Purchases 204000 – Tax return outwards 15000 + Carriage inwards 5000 194000 Less Closing stock 65000 179000 Gross net income 176000 Add Income: Dividend received 5000 181000 Less Expense: Stationery 700 Office electricity & A ; H2O 7300 Office salaries 26000 Gross saless committee 19500 Bad debts 5000 Addition in proviso for bad debts 2000 Loss on disposal of vehicle 2500 Depreciation on vehicles 12500 Depreciation on premises 14000 Vehicle expense 12000 Interest charges 3000 104500 Net net income 76500 Less Taxation charge 15300 Less Proposed dividend 10000 Net income for the twelvemonth 51200 Add Retained net incomes brought frontward 100000 Retained net incomes carried frontward 1512003.3 Balance sheet of Continental Limited as at 31 Dec 2010 for internal usageBalance Sheet of Continental Limited as at 31 Dec 2010 for Internal Use RM RM Fixed assets / Non-current assets Office premises at cost 350000 ( – ) Provision for depreciation on premises 54000 296000 Vehicle at cost 250000 ( – ) Provision for depreciation on vehicle 60000 190000 Long-run investings 100000 586000 Current assets Closing stock 65000 Debtors 70000 ( – ) Provision for bad debts 7000 63000 Bank 42000 Prepaid office wage 2000 172000 758000 Issued portion capital Share capital 500000 Add Reserve Retained net incomes carried frontward 151200 Stockholders ‘ equity 6512000 Add Long-term liabilities / Non-current liability Loan 55000 Add Current liabilities Creditors 25000 Accrued gross revenues committee 1500 Accrued revenue enhancement 15300 Proposed divided 10000 51800 7580004.0 Distribution costs and Administrative disbursalsDistribution costs besides known as distribution disbursals. Distribution cost normally defined as the costs incurred to present the merchandise from the production unit to the terminal user. The distribution cost is points such as gross revenues staff ‘s wages and committee, passenger car outwards, depreciation of bringing new waves, advertisement and show disbursals. Harmonizing to Readyratios.com ( 2011 ) , reference that â€Å" administrative disbursals refer to the costs of runing a concern that are non straight attributable to the production of goods or services. Administrative disbursals are related to the organisation as a whole as opposed to the single sections † . Administrative disbursals consist of such points as wages, legal and accounting charges, the depreciation of accounting machinery, public-service corporations, rent, and housework charges.4.1 Classify the disbursals into distribution cost and administrative disbursalsDistribution costs Administrative disbursals RM RM Stationery – 700 Office electricity – 7300 Office salaries – 26000 Gross saless committee 19500 – Bad debts 5000 – Addition in proviso for bad debts 2000 – Loss on disposal of vehicle 2500 – Depreciation on vehicle 12500 – Depreciation on premises – 14000 Vehicle disbursals 12000 – Entire 53500 480004.2 Income statement of Continental Limited for twelvemonth stoping 31 Dec 2010 for external coverageIncome Statement of Continental Limited for Year Ending 31 Dec 2010 for External Reporting RM RM Employee turnover 355000 Cost of gross revenues 179000 Gross net income 176000 Distribution cost 53500 Administrative disbursals 48000 101500 Operating net income 74500 Dividend received 5000 79500 Interest charges 3000 Net income on ordinary activities before revenue enhancement 76500 Taxation charge 15300 Net income on ordinary activities after revenue enhancement for the twelvemonth 61200 Proposed dividend 10000 Retained net income for the twelvemonth 51200 Retained net income bought frontward 100000 Retained net income carried frontward 1512004.3 Balance sheet of Continental Limited for the twelvemonth stoping 31 Dec 2010 for external coverageBalance Sheet of Continental Limited for the Year Ending 31 Dec 2010 for External Reporting RM RM RM Fixed Assetss Tangible Assetss: Premisess 296000 Vehicle 190000 486000 Investing: Long term investing 100000 586000 Current Assetss Stock 65000 Debtors 63000 Prepaid office wage 2000 130000 Cash at bank 42000 172000 Less Creditors: Sums Falling Due Within One Year Creditor 25000 Accrued gross revenues committee 1500 Accrued revenue enhancement 15300 Proposed dividend 10000 ( 51800 ) Net current Assetss 120200 Entire Assets Less Current Liabilities 706200 Less Creditor: Sums Falling Due After More Than One Year Loan ( 55000 ) 651200 Capital and Reserve Called up portion capital 500000 Net income and Loss history 151200 6512005.0 Accounting ratiosAccounting ratios is used to specify of import relationship between the figures shown on a balance sheet, in a net income and loss history or in any other portion of accounting organisation. Therefore, accounting ratios shows the relationship between accounting informations.5.1 Table of ratio computationRatio with expression Ratio computation for twelvemonth 2010 Industry norm Percentage of gross net income on gross revenues = Gross net income x 100 176000 ten 100 = 49.58 % 30 % Net gross revenues 355000 Percentage of operating net income on gross revenues = Operating net income x 100 74500 ten 100 = 20.99 % 18 % Net gross revenues 355000 Capital employed = Closing capital + Long-term liabilities = ( Fixed assets + Current assets ) -Current liabilities = ( RM586000+RM172000 ) -RM51800 = RM758000-RM51800 = RM706200 Tax return on capital employed ( ROCE ) = ( Net net income + Interest charges ) x 100 76500 + 3000 x 100 9 % Entire assets – Current liabilities 758000 – 51800 = 79500 tens 100 706200 = 11.26 % Current ratio = Current assets = 172000 2: 1 Current liabilities 51800 = 3.32: 1 Stock turnover = Cost of gross revenues Average stock value = Cost of gross revenues = 179000 ( Opening stock + Closing stock ) / 2 ( 50000 + 65000 ) / 2 = 179000 57500 =3.11times Stock turnover period 365 yearss = 365 yearss 90 yearss Stock turnover 3.11 times = 117.36 yearss Debtor aggregation period = Debtor = RM63000 Net recognition gross revenues RM365000 – RM 10000 = Debtor = RM63000 Gross saless – return inwards RM355000 = 0.1777: 1 Debtors collection period = Debtor ratio x 365 yearss =0.177 x 365 yearss 45 yearss =64.6 yearss Creditor ratio = Creditor = 25000 Net recognition purchase 204000 – 15000 = Credit = 25000 Purchase – Tax return outwards 189000 = 0.132: 1 Creditors payment period = Creditor ratio x 365 yearss = 0.132 ten 365 yearss 60 yearss = 48.18 yearss5.2 Profitableness of Continental LimitedThe per centums of gross net income on gross revenues is 49.58 % is higher than industry norm is 30 % because the company is uneffective and inefficient in buying goods and services from the providers doing higher purchase cost and besides uneffective usage of stuff and labor causation higher production cost to diminish gross net income. In add-on, per centum of operating net income on gross revenues is 20.99 % and industry norm is 18 % . Higher per centum of operating net income on gross revenues indicates that company is uneffective in its outgo control. Besides that, ROCE besides higher than industry norm is 20.99 % and 18 % . This is because, it is bespeaking the lower net net income generated in relation to the capital employed.5.3 Liquid of Continental LimitedCurrent ratio of company is higher than industry norm is 3.32: 1 and 2: 1which is much that the thought ratio of 2: 1, the current ratio is higher or equal to 2: 1, th e larger sum of current assets can be used to finance current liabilities, bespeaking that company is financially stable and able to finance its short-run debts. Furthermore, the stock turnover period is higher than the industry norm is 117.36 yearss and 90 yearss. The higher stock turnover period indicate fast stock turnover in concern where the goods and services purchased are kept in stock for a short clip and the fast stock for short clip and so fast taken out from stock for resale. In add-on, debitor aggregation period is higher than industry norm is 64.6 yearss and 45 yearss. Higher of debitor aggregation period indicate that company has given longer recognition clip to let debitor ‘s owing, causation, longer clip taken by company to roll up money. While, the creditor payment period is lower than industry norm is 48.18 yearss and 60 yearss. The lower creditor payment period show that company has obtained shorter recognition clip for having and paying creditors.6.0 Conclu sion and RecommendationIn the decision, making this rule of accounting assignment I have learnt a batch of cognition about the rule of history. I already know the different types of accounting users and besides the features of the fiscal statement. Besides that, making this assignment besides has larn how to fix the income statement and balance sheet. The benefit I get from this assignment is larning accounting will assist us to makes concern or personal fiscal determinations. Another benefit is accounting cognition will assist us to understand the significance of the fiscal information.

Victimless: Crime and His/her Business Thrive

ss Possession and carrying a firearm or the illegal purchase of a firearm is indeed a victimless crime. The possession of a firearm is a victimless crime because no one is harmed in the process, no one is complaining about the activities, and you are not leaving a victim behind. These offenses are not usually listed as victimless crimes because people believe guns kill people. While you are in the process of a legal or illegal purchase of a firearm, no one is being harmed in the process. A salesman is selling and a buyer is buying, it is as simple as that. The gun is being transferred from POINT A to POINT B.Even in the case of the purchase of an illegal firearm the case is same. The salesman is not aware of the buyers intentions. There is absolutely no harm being done in the transaction of a purchase. The gun is not going to load itself in the case and fire off. Also while you are in the process of purchasing a legal or an illegal firearm, neither side of the party is complaining ab out the activities that are taking place. The salesman is making a sale, and is content on making his/her business thrive. The buyer is buying a product that he/she is inquiring about. In this case, a firearm and in conclusion no harm is done.During the purchase of a legal or an illegal firearm, there is no damage being done at that moment. No damage to property nor to any people. Therefore you are not leaving behind a victim. When you purchase anything, there is no harm being done in any case. For example; you are not harming anyone when you are purchasing a pizza, or purchasing a slurpee at a mini market, or buying you monthly groceries for your home. It is simply a harmless purchase and no damage is being done. These offenses are not usually listed as victimless crimes because people believe that guns kill people, when in fact people with guns kill people.Some other examples of â€Å"victimless crimes† are prostitution, gambling, and purchasing/selling drugs. These are vic timless crimes because no one is harmed and no one complains of the activities. Again I would like to remind my readers that possession and/or carrying a firearm is considered a victimless crime in my opinion because you can purchase a firearm without harming anyone, without either party complaining of the activity, your are not leaving a victim behind, also neither party is damaging people or property.

The Best Doughnuts in Manila Essays

The Best Doughnuts in Manila Essays The Best Doughnuts in Manila Essay The Best Doughnuts in Manila Essay We choosed J. Co because it was one of the fastest growing doughnut store here in Manila. According to Saco (2013) J. Co came here in the Philippines on March 16, 2012, that is almost a year and a half and it has gathered the attention of the consumers and I think thats the greatest achievement the we have achieved. It is truly amazing that they had achieved a lot in that short-period of time thats why we had chosen it. J. Co was originally from Jakarta, Indonesia it was built by Johnny Andrean, a hairstylist and a businessman. J. Co means Johnny and company ecause he has lots of businesses in Indonesia. We can say that J. Co is a successful business because a lot of people wait in line Just to get some their doughnuts and it was featured many times on televisions. Saco also added that the looks of their doughnuts have played a role on attracting their target market. We also know that Andrean is a hairstylist so almost all of the doughnuts they sell are appealing to the eyes and have a class. Their doughnuts are also hand-made and the materials that they use goes to a quality test to give the consumer a unique taste. We can see these n their best-selling doughnut Alcapone, it was named before the most-wanted gangster in America, it is a ring donut with chocolate garnished with almonds. The other factor that makes them different from other doughnut businesses is that if you buy 2 dozens you can actually save than buying their 1 dozen or only 1 donut. Plus, the name of their business contributes in attracting their business target because they have received different praises from their customers giving them the identity and popularity that they now have. Those people who doesnt know what brand of oughnut to buy will refer or asks to those who frequently buys doughnuts or search the web for answers so the brand name does play a great role. J. Co doughnuts also maintain the quality of their doughnuts, specially their best-selling, and often create new flavors of doughnuts giving their customers a wide-variety of flavors. Although J. Co admits that they need to establish more branches to solve the problems of long waiting lines, they explained that everyone of their doughnuts is handmade by their bakers so it takes more time to create a perfect doughnut for the customer. J. Co will open more branches in luzon, visayas and mindanao because they are struck by the demand of people who wants their products. For those who buys and loves doughnuts should watch out for J. Co because they are improving the services that they are giving through opening more branches here in the Philippines, maintaining the quality of their doughnuts Just like how their customers like it by making doughnuts handmade and with precision but with a much more affordable prices. The Best Doughnuts in Manila By Janielle-Madlansacay

The Awakening1 essays

The Awakening1 essays The Relationship of The Awakening and Creole Society In The Awakening, Kate Chopin brings out the essence of through the characters of her novel. In this novel Edna Pontellier faces many problems because she is an outcast from society. As a result of her isolation from society she has to learn to fit in and deal with her problems. This situation causes her to go through a series of awakenings that help her find herself, but this also causes problems with her husband because she loses respect for him and the society she lives in. Throughout the novel she is faced with unfavorable circumstances which confuse and eventually kill her. Kate Chopin uses Creole Society in the 1890s as a basis for her novel and expresses it through Creole women, personal relationships, and etiquette. The Awakening is a book based on French Creoles and their lifestyle which is expressed throughout the novel. Creoles were French Creole Society descendents of French and Spanish Colonists of the 1700s. They had strong family ties because of Catholicism and were a tight community because they where considered outcasts of Anglo- American society. Clement Eaton says that the Creoles, to a greater degree then Anglo-Americans, lived a life of sensation and careless enjoyment. They loved to dance, gamble, fish, attend feasts, play on the fiddle and to live without much thought of the morrow. Eaton 252 Creoles were very lively outgoing people because of their comfortable tight society. Activities such as Mardi Gras and Sunday afternoon Mass holiday spirits contribute the liveliness of these people (Walker 252). A large reason for their comfort and live for the moment attitude was that Creoles did not move west like most other colonists to claim land. Instead they stayed in relatively the same area and just grew in population without consumption of other lands . This caused a shortage of land so it had to be repeatedly divided among the families an...